A fragmented polity

Maps 1-2. Holy Roman Empire c. 1400 and in 1648. Source: anonymous, Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0).

Map 3. The Palatine Electorate in 1410, before the partition (Rhineland territories only). Red denotes sole possessions.  Yellow denotes ‘Reichspfandschaten’, that is, territories granted as pledges from the emperor in exchange for fixed payments. Stripes denote territories held in ‘Kondominium’ (from the Latin, ‘con-dominium’), that is, in common with another lord: red stripes are properties held in common; yellow stripes are common ‘Reichspfandschaten’. Source: anonymous, Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0).
 
Map 4. The Palatine Electorate in 1505 (Rhineland territories only). Areas lost during the War of Succession in Landshut are marked yellow. The Upper-Palatinate is not depicted. Source: anonymous, Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0).